基于归一化水体指数及其阈值自适应算法的水体遥感反演效果分析

归一化水体指数（NDWI）是水体遥感反演的一种重要指标，其阈值及修正直接影响反演结果的精度。基于Landsat-8与GF-1光学多光谱影像，使用归一化水体指数法阈值0（TH₀）、最大类间方差法（OTSU）自适应阈值（TH_otsu）与均值漂移聚类算法（Mean-Shift）自适应阈值（TH_MS）分别对典型正常水体、云雾覆盖水体、富营养化水体、高含泥沙水体进行水体遥感提取与效果分析，结果表明：正常水体以TH₀为阈值提取精度最高，THMS提取精度次之，TH_otsu提取精度最差；而云雾覆盖水体、富营养化水体以及含泥沙水体使用THMS提取精度最高，尤其少量云雾覆盖下的水体，TH_MS具有更明显的优势，TH₀提取精度次之，TH_otsu提取精度最差；对于不同的阈值，Land?sat-8比GF-1总体表现出更高的水体提取精度。Mean-Shift算法应用于NDWI阈值修正与水体遥感反演具有快速、水质适应性强、效果稳定的优势，对尤其是复杂条件下的水体信息遥感反演具有较好的提取效果。     

Failure load prediction and optimisation for adhesively bonded joints enabled by deep learning and fruit fly optimisation

Adhesively bonded joints have been extensively employed in the aeronautical and automotive industries to join thin-layer materials for developing lightweight components. To strengthen the structural integrity of joints, it is critical to estimate and improve joint failure loads effectually. To accomplish the aforementioned purpose, this paper presents a novel deep neural network (DNN) model-enabled approach, and a single lap joint (SLJ) design is used to support research development and validation. The approach is innovative in the following aspects: (i) the DNN model is reinforced with a transfer learning (TL) mechanism to realise an adaptive prediction on a new SLJ design, and the requirement to re-create new training samples and re-train the DNN model from scratch for the design can be alleviated; (ii) a fruit fly optimisation (FFO) algorithm featured with the parallel computing capability is incorporated into the approach to efficiently optimise joint parameters based on joint failure load predictions. Case studies were developed to validate the effectiveness of the approach. Experimental results demonstrate that, with this approach, the number of datasets and the computational time required to re-train the DNN model for a new SLJ design were significantly reduced by 92.00% and 99.57% respectively, and the joint failure load was substantially increased by 9.96%.     

40000m~3/h空分设备变负荷操作及过程优化

主要探讨了冶金用制氧机组如何适应炼钢炼铁需求量的不断变化,减少氧气放散。通过对40000 m3/h制氧机组进行变负荷操作以及对操作过程的优化,实现了节能降耗、减少氧气放散的目的。     

Electron injection barrier and energy-level alignment at the Au/PDI8-CN2 interface via current–voltage measurements and ballistic emission microscopy

We probe electron transport across the Au/organic interface based on oriented thin films of the high-performance n-type perylene diimide semiconductor PDI8-CN₂. To this purpose, we prepared organic-on-inorganic Schottky diodes, with Au directly evaporated onto PDI8-CN₂ grown on n-Si. Temperature-dependent current–voltage characteristics and complementary ballistic electron emission microscopy studies reveal that rectification at the Au/PDI8-CN₂ interface is controlled by a spatially inhomogeneous injection barrier, that varies on a length scale of tens of nanometers according to a Gaussian distribution with mean value ∼0.94 eV and standard deviation ∼100 meV. The former gradually shifts to ∼1.04 eV on increasing PDI8-CN₂ thickness from 5 nm to 50 nm. Experimental evidences and general arguments further allow to establish the energetics at the Au/PDI8-CN₂ interface. Our work indicates injection-limited current flow in PDI8-CN₂-based devices with evaporated Au electrodes. Furthermore, it suggests chemical reactivity of PDI8-CN₂ with both Au and Si, driven by the lateral isocyano groups.     

Carbon nanotube–polyaniline composites

The last decade has seen a growing interest in hybrid electrically conducting nanocomposites. This article aims to provide a detailed overview of the present status of research in carbon nanotube–polyaniline (CNT/PANI) composites, from processing to structural and property evaluations. CNT/PANI are synthesized by electrochemical and chemical processing. When chemical methods are used, the main challenge is to obtain processable CNT/PANI in the emeraldine salt (ES) form composites. Stable dispersions of ES–CNT in organic media are prepared using the post doping method, inverse emulsion polymerization, or ex situ polymerizations. On the contrary, stable water dispersions of CNT/ES are prepared using hydrophilization of a preformed CNT/ES composite, direct synthesis of micelle–CNT hybrid templates, interfacial polymerization, covalent functionalization of CNT with a water soluble polymer, or using electrostatic interactions between two oppositely charged ES and CNT aqueous colloids. Moreover, the strategies for the synthesis of ternary CNT/PANI composites incorporating noble metal nanoparticles, metal oxide, or graphene sheets are also presented and analyzed in depth. Finally, we give a review of potential applications, including chemical sensors, capacitors, fuel cells and electronic devices.     

基于Fluent的水击泄压阀阻力系数研究

针对长输油管道广泛应用的水击泄压阀,应用CFD方法对其内部流场进行了分析计算。按照实际泄压阀的结构,建立了简化后的二维流场几何模型,根据模拟的流场压力分布计算不同开度、不同开启压力和不同管径下泄压阀的阻力系数,指出泄压阀的阻力系数与开度、管径有关,开启压力对泄压阀的阻力系数几乎没有影响。     

WSA湿法制酸工艺中仪表问题分析

阐述了SO2转化器蒸汽出口管道蒸汽减温器的作用以及蒸汽喷射阀发生腐蚀的原因,通过优化设计满足生产需要,降低投资成本。     

超超临界硬质密封复合阀阀体温度场和应力场模拟研究

利用ANSYS有限元分析软件对超超临界硬质密封复合阀在不同高温高压工况下进行模拟分析。得出该复合阀阀体在不同高温高压工况下温度场,热应力场和压应力场的分布情况。结果表明该阀侧阀体与管道连接出口处所受的温度梯度,热应力梯度和压应力梯度均为最大,是整个复合阀阀体薄弱点。因此对侧阀体出口处的数据监控以保证复合阀安全的运行尤为重要。为该阀门的设计和运行提供较为重要的参考。     

关于车用气瓶定期检验中进口瓶阀更换的探讨

依据国家相关法规,车用气瓶实行强制定期检验制度,在定期检验中,瓶阀检验是其中的重要项目,对于不合格的瓶阀必须进行更换,以保证气瓶能安全使用到下一检验周期。文章针对志俊车型的气瓶瓶阀在检验中遇到的问题进行分析,并找到解决的办法。     

熔体静电纺丝的工艺条件对纺丝纤维直径的影响

主要研究纺丝温度、纺丝电压、接收距离等参数对聚丙烯(PP)熔体静电纺丝纤维直径的影响。采用了只变一个参数,其它参数固定的常规实验方法。在实验条件范围内,随着纺丝温度的升高,纤维的平均直径逐渐减小,得到PP的最佳纺丝温度240℃。在固定电压的情况下,得到最佳接收距离7cm。在固定接收距离的情况下,随着电压的增加,电场中的喷射流熔体受到的电场力逐渐增大,得出最佳纺丝电压35kV。